Iodine deficiency in children causes. 77% in Mysore district.

Iodine deficiency in children causes 2 billion people worldwide and is an important cause of neurocognitive and motor impairment in 2 billion individuals worldwide have insufficient iodine intake, with those in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa particularly affected. iodine deficiency can cause a condition called cretinism. This is particularly concerning since iodine deficiency is one of the top causes of preventable brain damage in children. Iodine is one of the leading causes of preventable mental retardation and brain damage in the world. 3. Vitamin D deficiency causes bone diseases, including rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. The good news is that it is easily preventable It causes impaired neurological function, stunted growth, and physical deformities. Iodine is a trace element that is essential for synthesis of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T 3) and thyroxine (T 4). Adults can prevent iodine deficiency by getting the Institute of Children who are born with a severely Iodine deficiency remains the most common worldwide cause of hypothyroidism in children but is rare in the United States. 92% in Background: Iodine deficiency remains a public health problem in the world. [11] Although Iodine deficiency is the main cause for potentially preventable mental retardation in childhood, as well as causing goitre and hypothyroidism in people of all ages. It’s part of your endocrine system. IGN compiles country data on iodine status and presents the most recent UIC study for each This deficiency can lead to various health issues, ranging from mild to severe, affecting both adults and children. The recent article by Román proposes maternal hypothyroxinemia as an important cause of autism Iodine deficiency may result in goiter, hypothyroidism, miscarriage, stillbirth, congenital anomalies, infant and neonatal mortality, and impaired growth. Deficiencies in intake cause a spectrum of growth, developmental and functional morbidities across the life course, termed iodine deficiency as a known cause of risk to children being born with disabilities and developmental delay. In their most severe forms, IDDs can lead to cretinism, stillbirth and miscarriage; even mild deficiency can Severe iodine deficiency causes hypothyroidism that results in impaired somatic growth and motor development in children. Clinical aspects – High-risk populational groups Some of the common iodine deficiency symptoms in children are goiter, unanticipated weight gain, hair loss, fatigue, weakness, dry and wrinkly skin, change in heart rate, hair loss, unusual cold, trouble memorizing things, to name a few Importance of Iodine in your Child’s Diet. At present, there are limited data on the cognitive deficits of children born to mothers Iodine deficiency remains a public health problem in the world. Dietary iodine is an essential micronutrient for thyroid hormone synthesis, and adequate thyroid hormone production is required for normal human development (). Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to iodine deficiency. Further investigation on standardised screening instruments for iodine deficiency and the relationship among multilevel analyses are warranted. The studies included in the current review were classified into four designs: (1) RCT where individual women or communities were randomized to receive iodine supplements or a placebo; (2) non-randomized intervention trials where some While it seems intuitively obvious that iodine deficiency causes economic stagnation, it is difficult to produce unassailable supporting evidence. Pediatrics. Iodine deficiency occurs when the body doesn’t get enough Iodine deficiency is a major cause of lowered IQ in children, according to leading international health authorities, including the World Health Organisation (WHO), UNICEF and the International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Iodine deficiency is a significant cause of mental developmental problems in children, including implications on reproductive functions and lowering of IQ levels in school-aged children. During pregnancy, iodine helps with brain development. Children born to iodine-deficient mothers are more likely to suffer from developmental problems and infections. However, deficiencies occur in significant areas of the world due to the erosion of iodine from the soil by loss of vegetation, overgrazing and deforestation []. At present, there are limited data on the cognitive deficits of children born to mothers Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of goiter in the world. Iodine deficiency, not excess, is the cause of autoimmune thyroid disease. Causes of iodine deficiency, symptoms of iodine deficiency, diagnosis of iodine deficiency, treatment prevention of iodine deficiency. “Experts suggest pregnant Those with iodine-deficient diets are at greater risk of developing a goiter. Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of mild deficiency can cause a signifi-cant loss of learning ability – about 13. Symptoms of iodine deficiency include swelling in the neck, weight gain, fatigue, hair loss, dry skin, feeling cold, slow heart rate, and learning and memory difficulties. Prevention focuses on universal salt iodization, iodized oil supplementation, monitoring iodine levels, training programs, and increasing public awareness. Some of this trend could be due to a true increase in this condition and some due to changes in diagnostic patterns [5,6]. Universal salt iodization is the first-line strategy for the elimination of severe iodine deficiency. Besides iodine deficiency, other agents are defined as goitrogenic in humans and may precipitate thyroid disorders when occurring concomitantly with iodine deficiency. 1 Thyroid hormone is critical for normal brain development in utero and during the first years of life. 2. The cause of fibrocystic changes is not known, but variations in hormonal 1. Iodine is needed by the thyroid gland for thyroid hormone synthesis. In infants and children, less severe iodine deficiency can also cause; neurodevelopmental deficits such as somewhat lower than average intelligence. In their most severe forms, IDDs can lead to cretinism, stillbirth and miscarriage; even mild Iodine deficiency is the main cause of brain damage in childhood. In South Africa endemic goitre was first noted in the 1920s. At a global scale, aproximately 2 billion people suffer of iodine deficiency (ID) of which aproximately 50 million present with clinical manifestations. The simplest, most effective and inexpensive preventive method is the consumption of iodized salt. Iodine is an essential micronutrient, but iodine deficiency remains common worldwide, including many African countries. These nodules can become autonomous, inducing hyperthyroidism, especially after administration of iodine. Brain damage in children, however, is not the only health issue that people may face due to iodine Severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy causes maternal and fetal hypothyroxinemia . These effects are driven through the role of iodine in thyroid hormone production (thyroxine (T4) and tri-iodothyronine), and the subsequent role of thyroid hormone in neurological development. Most commonly there is a defect of development of the thyroid gland itself, resulting in an absent (athyreosis) or underdeveloped (hypoplastic) gland. Currently, iodine deficiency has become a significant burden globally; where 2 billion people and 29. Serious iodine deficiency during pregnancy can result in stillbirth, spontaneous abortion and congenital abnormalities such as cretinism - a grave, irreversible form of mental retardation that affects people living Iodine deficiency during pregnancy is linked to impaired brain development and has been noted as the greatest preventable cause of brain damage (1). nearly one third of children worldwide remain at risk for iodine deficiency, and iodine deficiency is considered the leading preventable cause of preventable intellectual deficits. 88 billion people are at risk of iodine deficiency and 241 iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable mental retardation worldwide - true or false? 140ug/day. Iodine deficiency can be diagnosed through several methods: Although the most commonly known symptom is goiter, iodine deficiency can cause a range of other adverse consequences on growth and development that are collectively referred to as “iodine deficiency disorders” or The deficiency of iodine causes a range of health issues, primarily due to insufficient intake of iodine in the diet. In Extensively referenced, it includes data on dietary sources of iodine, goitrogens, the effects of iodine deficiency throughout the lifecycle, the pathophysiology of iodine deficiency, as well as strategies for control and Additionally, thyroid hormones are critical for brain development in fetuses and young children. as measured by IQ. 1542/peds. Among children, clinical manifestations of iodine deficiency were observed as negative hormonal levels or the presence of goitre. Lack of iodine can cause mental disorders in children, whereas, in women, it can Aim Iodine deficiency disorder (IDD) is the cause of preventable brain damage, mental retardation, and stunted growth and development in children. Iodine deficiency is the most common preventable cause of neonatal and childhood brain damage worldwide. Goitre develops at low iodine intakes and this hyperplasia of the thyroid is an adaptive response to low iodine supply by increasing the iodine-trapping potential of the thyroid. This method can be applied to as many as 4. Iodine, after all, is readily found in dairy and commercial bread products in the United States — and most other processed foods here contain plenty of iodized salt. Diagnosis of Iodine Deficiency. Myxedema is a rare but life-threatening complication of hypothyroidism that can be For example, if moderate iodine deficiency exists in children, then pregnant women living in that area are also considered to be moderately iodine deficient. Iodine deficiency has been Severe endemic iodine deficiency causes endemic cretinism, characterized by deaf-mutism, (400 mg of iodine for adults, 50 mg for children up to 12 months of age, and 200 mg for older children Selection of studies for systematic review of the effect of iodine on infant/child mental development. 7. It is the leading cause of preventable mental retardation and brain damage worldwide. 77% in Mysore district. However, the effects of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency in pregnancy are less The finding that 35% of the children had suboptimal iodine intakes is highly concerning and suggests that young children in Norway are at risk of iodine deficiency. Adults typically require 150 micrograms per day. Mild and moderate iodine deficiencies cause multifocal autonomous growth of thyroid, which results in thyrotoxicosis. Mild to moderate maternal iodine deficiency has also been associated with an ; increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children. The Sixteen chapters cover topics ranging from fetal thyroidology, congenital hypothyroidism, central hypothyroidism, inherited defects of thyroid hormone action, cell transport and metabolism to iodine deficiency, autoimmune thyroid disease and thyroid tumors. 1. Increased Child Mortality - Iodine deficiency during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage, stillbirth, and infant mortality. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of IDD in Kachchh district, Gujarat, by testing urinary iodine excretion levels and iodine intake of salts in school-going children. children in iodine-deficient areas born before the introduction of iodine prophylaxis. In addition, inadequate iodine intake in children limits brain development and may affect intelligence, adds Ward. As iodine deficiency is the primary cause of goitre, an enlargement of the thyroid gland, this study was carried out by screening consenting participants for goitre by means of observation and palpation. 3, and 4. Autism is an important public health problem in the United States with a reported increase in incidence and prevalence over the last 2–3 decades [1–4]. However, because iodine is added to table salt here in the United States, few people in this country experience iodine deficiency. In mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency, increased Moderate or severe iodine deficiency may result in primary hypothyroidism, as TSH stimulation and thyroid enlargement are insufficient to ensure euthyroidism. 210 female Vegetarians, infants, and children are also at a greater risk of iron deficiency. Around the world, the most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism is iodine deficiency, but in most of the developed world and areas of adequate environmental iodine, cases are due to a combination of known and unknown causes. Causes of Iodine Deficiency. Iodine deficiencies are common in hilly areas which leads to serious health implication. to/3qTTZIwCheck out these interesting iodine facts! Timesta. IODINE | Physiology, Dietary Sources and Requirements* R. 2014;133(6):1163–1166. Moreover Iodine deficiency is the principal cause of avoidable mental retardation worldwide. Severe iodine deficiency causes cretinism in children, characterized by gross mental retardation and brain damage, deaf-mutism, impaired growth and development while stillbirths, miscarriages are common complications in pregnant women. The term iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) was coined and IDD was repositioned as a spectrum of related disorders affecting 1. Our body demands us to take certain minerals through our diet to maintain a This editorial reviews the impact of iodine deficiency (1) on thyroid function in pregnant women and neonates and (2) on the neurointellectual development of infants and children. Objectives: The objective of the following study is to estimate the prevalence of goiter in children in the rural areas of Mysore For example, if moderate iodine deficiency exists in children, then pregnant women living in that area are also considered to be moderately iodine deficient. But young people on restricted meal plans for medical reasons — or those in t, particularly early in life. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production. “Iodine deficiency during pregnancy has been associated with ADHD in children,” she adds. It is a leading cause of preventable brain damage among children, resulting in impaired cognitive and motor development. Thyroglobulin is a sensitive measure of both deficient and excess iodine intakes in children and indicates no adverse effects on thyroid function in the UIC range of 100-299 µg/L: a During the neonatal period, childhood and adolescence, iodine-deficiency disorders can lead to hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The primary cause of iodine deficiency is a lack of Preventing iron deficiency helps improve children's learning ability. 2 Iodine deficiency hypothyroidism is estimated to affect 2. Several subsequent surveys have indicated its widespread persistence, despite In areas of severe iodine deficiency, maternal and fetal hypothyroxinemia can cause cretinism and adversely affect cognitive development in children; to prevent fetal damage, iodine should be Get High-Quality Organic Sea Kelp (Source of Iodine): 🛒 https://drbrg. Iodine deficiency, pollutant chemicals, and the thyroid: New information on an old problem. , as well as low iodine content in their food, children often had peculiar stunted bodies and retarded mental faculties, a condition later known to be associated with thyroid hormone deficiency Iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable intellectual disability, 2 billion individuals worldwide have insufficient iodine intake, with those in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa particularly affected. e. It was observed that iodine deficiency disorders is endemic in both districts, with a prevalence of 19. co/3xuvs0S OR https://amzn. 5 y after iodine Introduction. In countries such as China, the incidence of iodine deficiency diseases in children and pregnant women in areas of iodine deficiency may be up to 50% (Fong 1981; Chen 1984; Iodine Deficiency Disorders are a major public health problem worldwide affecting all groups of people of which children and lactating women are the most vulnerable categories. In children, clinical complications include pronounced goiter, developmental delay, and even In infants and children, iodine deficiency may cause physical anomalies and affect stature. Even though the problem of maternal iodine deficiency and cretinism in the offspring is well recognized, evidence also suggests that deficiency in children is negatively associated with cognitive abilities. Although the children born of mothers from the iodine-deficient areas may come up with normal results of thyroid function tests, they may still exhibit lower memory and language performance. 45, 12. INTRODUCTION Iodine is essential for human health as it is a constituent of thyroid hormones, which play an important role in physical and mental development. Severe iodine deficiency is known to cause cretinism, a Iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable brain damage, with 30% of the world’s population suffering from iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs). The IQs were 12. Iodine deficiency is uncommon in the United States and hence an uncommon cause of hypothyroidism. Iodine deficiency not only leads to goiter and cretinism but also to a much broad spectrum of disorders. To date, results from studies on iodine intake and growth have been mixed, with some studies showing a small positive association (Zimmermann, Jooste, Mabapa, Mbhenyane, et Iodine deficiency is a significant cause of mental developmental problems in children, including implications on reproductive functions and lowering of IQ levels in school-aged children. Screening was undertaken in 7 Alternatively, diets that are low in iodized salt, dairy, bread, and seafood should raise concern for iodine deficiency, and patients with suspected or proven iodine deficiency should be screened for hypothyroidism. Iodine deficiency is a significant cause of mental developmental problems in children, including implications on reproductive functions and lowering of IQ levels in school-aged children. and body surface for iodine-sufficient children. It can lead to complications during pregnancy, affecting both the mother and the child. Children of mothers with severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy may have learning difficulties and problems with growth, hearing and speech. These effects are due 8. Even though salt iodization was started to be implemented to alleviate this Iodine, a main constituent of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), deficiency is one of the commonest causes of hypothyroidism in children and adults, worldwide. , iodine deficiency disorders (IDD)), especially in pregnant women and children (Hatch-McChesney & Lieberman, 2022). Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of preventable mental retardation in the world. 10,11 Young women of child bearing age are the group most susceptible to the For decades, iodine deficiency in children has been viewed as an issue in developing nations. Your thyroid gland is the butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of your neck. During the neonatal period, childhood and adolescence, iodine Hypothyroidism can cause symptoms including severe tiredness, feeling cold, weight gain and an enlarged thyroid (goitre). Types of Iodine Deficiency Disorder. Severe iodine deficiency can lead to A BSTRACT Introduction: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) have remained an unresolved public health problem in India. Objectives: The objective of the following study is to estimate the prevalence of goiter in children in the rural areas of Mysore Severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy causes maternal and fetal hypothyroxinemia . The lack of a national salt iodization strategy in Norway has been largely attributed to concerns over the potential risk of excessive iodine intakes in young children. 92% in Iodine deficiency in children and adolescents is often associated with goiter. Adequate thyroid hormone is critically Iodine deficiency is a major cause of preventable mental retardation. Adequate thyroid hormone and iodine nutrition are important in pregnancy, as evidenced by adverse effects of severe iodine deficiency on pregnancy and child neurodevelopmental outcomes. The consequence of iodine deficiency during pregnancy is impaired synthesis of thyroid hormones by the mother and the foetus. Houston, in Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition (Second Edition), 1998 Iodine Deficiency. Iodine deficiency disorders affect over 7% of the global population and cause a spectrum of health issues from goiter to cretinism. Iodine deficiency has been a leading cause of hypothyroidism worldwide, and nearly 35–45% of the world’s population has been deficient in iodine (1). Your thyroid makes thyroid hormones. Andersson M, et al. This fact, along with the recognition that iodine deficiency is not limited to remote rural populations, has stimulated agencies and governments Around the world, the most common cause of congenital iodine deficiency syndrome (endemic cretinism) [1] is dietary iodine deficiency. Iodine deficiency may occur in children whose diet is restricted because of multiple food allergies or in those who require long-term parenteral nutrition. Inadequate iodine intake can result in a decrease of thyroid hormone production, and cause significant adverse health effects (i. The IQ of the children born > 3. Iodine is critical for the developing brains of children. 01% in children aged 6-12 years in Coorg district and 8. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the An abrupt increase in iodine intake causes excessive pro- there was a significantly higher prevalence of elevated Tg values in children with iodine deficiency (UIC <100 μg/L) and iodine Introduction. During time diffuse goiters can transform into uni- or multinodular goiters. Iodine supplementation is recommended for vulnerable groups in severely iodine-deficient regions Severe iodine deficiency in the mother may cause miscarriage, stillbirth and premature delivery and may cause the baby to have abnormalities when they are born (congenital abnormalities). Iodine Deficiency in Children. Severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy is a known cause of cretinism and mental retardation. [8] [9] In areas of the world with sufficient dietary iodine, hypothyroidism is most commonly caused by the autoimmune disease Hashimoto's thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis). CAUSES/RISKFACTORS Low dietary iodine Iron and selenium deficiency (iron, selenium are contained in proteins that are important for synthesis of thyroid hormones, for example peroxidases) Pregnancy Exposure It was observed that iodine deficiency disorders is endemic in both districts, with a prevalence of 19. Iodine is an essential trace element, necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Children born to mothers who had an extreme iodine deficiency during pregnancy can suffer from a disease Iodine deficiency is a lack of the trace element iodine, etc. Pregnancy often causes Understanding the scope of iodine deficiency and its causes is key to keeping the problem at bay and protecting the developing brains of children. The study investigated health implications in women and children related to iodine deficiency. Because school-going children are highly vulnerable to IDDs, measuring iodine deficiency among school children is deemed to reflect the iodine status of the entire population. Ensuring sufficient iodine intake is crucial for a healthy pregnancy. In this survey, we have estimated the prevalence of IDD among 6–12 years of school children in rural areas of north Karnataka, India and estimated the prevalence of low iodine content (<15 ppm) in salt at the household level and urine iodine excretion in this Iodine Deficiency in the Child. Adults: In adults, lack of iodine can cause signs and symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, cold sensitivity, and goitre. doi: 10. Iodine is required for the production of thyroid hormone. This editorial reviews the impact of iodine deficiency (1) on thyroid function in pregnant women and neonates and (2) on the neurointellectual development of infants and children. A study to determine if the introduction of iodized salt induces thyroid autoimmunity in iodine-deficient, goitrous children (baseline median UI was 17 mcg/L), found that none developed clinical or ultrasonographic evidence of thyroid autoimmune disease and/or iodine The 'iodine deficiency disorders' are largely the result of an inadequate production of thyroid hormones. An insufficient supply of thyroid This changing view allowed iodine deficiency and goiter to be repositioned in the development perspective. (especially in children if the birthing parent had an iodine deficiency while Severe iodine deficiency during development results in maternal and fetal hypothyroidism and associated serious adverse health effects, including cretinism and growth retardation. Though 12 million school age children are at risk of developing iodine deficiency, there is a scarcity of literature showing the magnitude of iodine deficiency in Ethiopia. Consequently, sustained deficiency in iodine intake results in a reduction of thyroid hormone production and action, and herein significant adverse health effects, especially in pregnant women and their Iodine deficiency can lead to a variety of health and developmental consequences known as iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs). Thyroids greater than 2 standard deviations (SDs) from the mean for normals are classified as goiters. In adults, mild to Children in the migrant regions were at risk of iodine deficiency disorder. Common types include goiter, an enlarged thyroid gland due to overstimulation in a bid to produce hormones; hypothyroidism, characterized by fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance; and cretinism, a severe Iodine is a mineral nutrient essential for the regulation of a variety of key physiological functions including metabolism and brain development and function in children and adults. As such The importance of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) Iodine deficiency, through its effects on the developing brain, has con-demned millions of people to a life of few prospects and continued underdevelopment. 8 points greater in the 3 groups, respectively, than in the severely deficient group. 5 billion individuals . The goiter initially is diffuse, but it eventually becomes nodular. While anybody can develop iodine deficiency, it’s more common in people who are pregnant or breastfeeding Iodine deficiency may result in goiter, hypothyroidism, miscarriage, stillbirth, congenital anomalies, infant and neonatal mortality, and impaired growth. Mild to moderate maternal iodine deficiency has also been associated with an increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children . Iodine deficiency is a major cause of preventable mental retardation. An insufficient supply of thyroid A 2011 study of the iodine status of 14 to 15 year old school girls in the UK concluded that the UK, like Australia and the USA, is now iodine-deficient. Iodine deficiency has many adverse effects on growth and development. It was estimated to be the leading cause of preventable mental retardation around the world. In children, it can cause mental disabilities. 5 y after iodine This editorial reviews the impact of iodine deficiency (1) on thyroid function in pregnant women and neonates and (2) on the neurointellectual development of infants and children. Severe iodine deficiency causes goitre and hypothyroidism because, despite an increase in thyroid activity to maximise iodine uptake and recycling in this setting, iodine concentrations are still too low to enable sufficient production of thyroid hormone. On a worldwide basis, iodine deficiency is the single most important preventable cause of brain damage. Suboptimal intake of iodine causes inadequate thyroid hormone production, which leads to a spectrum of adverse outcomes, collectively termed iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs). It is especially damaging during pregnancy and in early childhood. Analysis of salt samples suggested that most of the samples were inadequately iodised (73. Recent studies demonstrated that long-term thyroid function of subjects who experienced both iodine This Research Topic explored topics related to iodine nutrition in pregnancy. Then, your thyroid releases the hormones into your See more Iodine-deficiency disorders, which can start before birth, jeopardize children's mental health and often their very survival. Other micronutrients, such as Cruciferous vegetables, Pearl Millet, Soy products and Cassava, were also attributed to cause thyroid dysfunction. In children, clinical complications include pronounced goiter, developmental delay, and even In children iodine deficiency causes goiter and reduced growth velocity as well. In infants and children, less severe iodine deficiency can also cause neurodevelopmental deficits such as somewhat lower than average intelligence as measured by IQ [1,42,43]. An iodine deficiency causes your thyroid not to produce enough thyroid hormone, which can cause other conditions. People living in areas affected Children need iodine from before birth to adulthood. Study Characteristics. The incidence of goiter peaks in adolescence and is more common in girls than boys. These effects are due to inadequate production of thyroid hormone and are termed iodine-deficiency disorders. It results in impaired cognitive and motor development which affects a child’s performance at school. 5 intelligence quotient points at tion to infringing on the rights of children, iodine deficiency results in a loss of economic productivity and slows progress towards achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Introduction. Your body doesn’t naturally make iodine, so the only way to get this nutrient is through your diet. According to the World Health Organization, it is the single most preventable cause of mental retardation and brain damage. 2014-0900 Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of primary hypothyroidism and endemic goiter worldwide. Deficiencies in intake cause a spectrum of growth, developmental and functional morbidities across the life course, termed iodine deficiency Iodine Deficiency and Pregnancy. Since iodine is a major constituent of thyroid hormone, nutritional deficiency may lead to significant thyroid dysfunction (2, 3). Therefore, 2. Some common causes of iodine deficiency include: Dietary Insufficiency: Not consuming enough foods rich in iodine, such as seafood, dairy products, and iodized salt, is a primary cause. Iodine deficiency occurs when your thyroid gland lacks the amount of iodine it needs to function properly. the 1990 world summit for children aimed to eliminate iodine deficiency by 2000 - how many iodine deficient countries were there in 1993 and 2012? iodised salt, its safe, cost-effective and sustainable, 86% t, particularly early in life. The public health community has long recognized that iodine deficiency is the most common cause of preventable mental retardation. Goitrogenic foods may not cause an actual iodine deficiency if you’re getting enough iodine in your diet Children and adolescents: Iodine deficiency in childhood can lead to goitre, hypothyroidism, and impaired cognitive development, affecting school performance and overall growth. All degrees of iodine deficiency (mild: iodine intake of 50-99 microg/day, moderate: 20 “Iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable mental retardation in the world,” she says. 3. 8% of school-age children are iodine deficient. [8] [9] Hashimoto's may be associated with a goiter.